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2017 ; 7
(ä): 43595
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Selection for Oil Content During Soybean Domestication Revealed by X-Ray
Tomography of Ancient Beans
#MMPMID28240321
Zong Y
; Yao S
; Crawford GW
; Fang H
; Lang J
; Fan J
; Sun Z
; Liu Y
; Zhang J
; Duan X
; Zhou G
; Xiao T
; Luan F
; Wang Q
; Chen X
; Jiang H
Sci Rep
2017[Feb]; 7
(ä): 43595
PMID28240321
show ga
When and under what circumstances domestication related traits evolved in soybean
(Glycine max) is not well understood. Seed size has been a focus of
archaeological attention because increased soybean seed weight/size is a trait
that distinguishes most modern soybeans from their ancestors; however,
archaeological seed size analysis has had limited success. Modern domesticated
soybean has a significantly higher oil content than its wild counterpart so oil
content is potentially a source of new insight into soybean domestication. We
investigated soybean oil content using X-ray computed tomography (CT;
specifically, synchrotron radiation X-ray CT or SRX-CT) of charred,
archaeological soybean seeds. CT identified holes in the specimens that are
associated with oil content. A high oil content facilitates the development of
small holes, whereas a high protein content results in larger holes. The volume
of small holes increased slowly from 7,500 to 4,000?cal B.P. We infer that human
selection for higher oil content began as early as 7,500?cal B.P. and that high
oil content cultivars were well established by 4,000?cal B.P.