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Neurological Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single Centre
Study from North East India
#MMPMID28273990
Kakati S
; Barman B
; Ahmed SU
; Hussain M
J Clin Diagn Res
2017[Jan]; 11
(1
): OC05-OC09
PMID28273990
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Neurological manifestations although common in Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus (SLE), are often not recognized due to their diversed and varied
presentation. Therefore, the study was planned to highlight the pattern of
neurological involvement in SLE to help in early recognition. AIM: To study the
pattern of neurological involvement in SLE and its correlation with disease
activity and different investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This hospital based
prospective observational study was carried out from August 2009 to July 2010.
Diagnosed cases of SLE [based upon American Rheumatism Association (ARA)
criteria] who presented with neurological manifestations at the time of diagnosis
or develop during the course of the disease were included in the study. They were
assessed clinically and investigated with neuroimaging and neurophysiological
tests as applicable. RESULTS: In total, 52 consecutive patients with SLE were
evaluated, 92% were female. The most common age group was 21 to 25 years. Nervous
system involvement was found in 19 (36.54%) patients. Cognitive impairment was
the most frequent manifestation, present in 11 (57.89%) patients followed by
seizure disorder in eight patients (42.1%). Peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed
in eight (42.1%), acute confusional state in six (31.57%) and headache and
depression was diagnosed in five (26.31%) patients each. Less common
manifestations were psychosis, movement disorder and aseptic meningitis.
Percentage of neurological manifestations directly correlated with disease
activity. A significant difference was found in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score between the patients with Neuro Psychiatric
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE) and those without NPSLE (32.42±16.34 Vs
17.3±10.6). CONCLUSION: Neurological involvement in SLE is seen relatively early
in the course of the disease with cognitive impairment being the most common
manifestation and correlate with disease activity.
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