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2017 ; 8
(ä): 14386
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Supermode-density-wave-polariton condensation with a Bose-Einstein condensate in
a multimode cavity
#MMPMID28211455
Kollár AJ
; Papageorge AT
; Vaidya VD
; Guo Y
; Keeling J
; Lev BL
Nat Commun
2017[Feb]; 8
(ä): 14386
PMID28211455
show ga
Phase transitions, where observable properties of a many-body system change
discontinuously, can occur in both open and closed systems. By placing cold atoms
in optical cavities and inducing strong coupling between light and excitations of
the atoms, one can experimentally study phase transitions of open quantum
systems. Here we observe and study a non-equilibrium phase transition, the
condensation of supermode-density-wave polaritons. These polaritons are formed
from a superposition of cavity photon eigenmodes (a supermode), coupled to atomic
density waves of a quantum gas. As the cavity supports multiple photon spatial
modes and because the light-matter coupling can be comparable to the energy
splitting of these modes, the composition of the supermode polariton is changed
by the light-matter coupling on condensation. By demonstrating the ability to
observe and understand density-wave-polariton condensation in the
few-mode-degenerate cavity regime, our results show the potential to study
similar questions in fully multimode cavities.