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2017 ; 12
(2
): e0172562
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Investigating human geographic origins using dual-isotope (87Sr/86Sr, ?18O)
assignment approaches
#MMPMID28222163
Laffoon JE
; Sonnemann TF
; Shafie T
; Hofman CL
; Brandes U
; Davies GR
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(2
): e0172562
PMID28222163
show ga
Substantial progress in the application of multiple isotope analyses has greatly
improved the ability to identify nonlocal individuals amongst archaeological
populations over the past decades. More recently the development of large scale
models of spatial isotopic variation (isoscapes) has contributed to improved
geographic assignments of human and animal origins. Persistent challenges remain,
however, in the accurate identification of individual geographic origins from
skeletal isotope data in studies of human (and animal) migration and provenance.
In an attempt to develop and test more standardized and quantitative approaches
to geographic assignment of individual origins using isotopic data two methods,
combining 87Sr/86Sr and ?18O isoscapes, are examined for the Circum-Caribbean
region: 1) an Interval approach using a defined range of fixed isotopic variation
per location; and 2) a Likelihood assignment approach using univariate and
bivariate probability density functions. These two methods are tested with enamel
isotope data from a modern sample of known origin from Caracas, Venezuela and
further explored with two archaeological samples of unknown origin recovered from
Cuba and Trinidad. The results emphasize both the potential and limitation of the
different approaches. Validation tests on the known origin sample exclude most
areas of the Circum-Caribbean region and correctly highlight Caracas as a
possible place of origin with both approaches. The positive validation results
clearly demonstrate the overall efficacy of a dual-isotope approach to
geoprovenance. The accuracy and precision of geographic assignments may be
further improved by better understanding of the relationships between
environmental and biological isotope variation; continued development and
refinement of relevant isoscapes; and the eventual incorporation of a broader
array of isotope proxy data.
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