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2017 ; 17
(1
): 65-72
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Vorapaxar: The Current Role and Future Directions of a Novel Protease-Activated
Receptor Antagonist for Risk Reduction in Atherosclerotic Disease
#MMPMID28063023
Gryka RJ
; Buckley LF
; Anderson SM
Drugs R D
2017[Mar]; 17
(1
): 65-72
PMID28063023
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Despite the current standard of care, patients with cardiovascular
disease remain at a high risk for recurrent events. Inhibition of
thrombin-mediated platelet activation through protease-activated receptor-1
antagonism may provide reductions in atherosclerotic disease beyond those
achievable with the current standard of care. OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective is
to evaluate the clinical literature regarding the role of vorapaxar (Zontivity?)
in the reduction of cardiovascular events in patients with a history of
myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease. In particular, we focus on
the potential future directions for protease-activating receptor antagonists in
the treatment of a broad range of atherosclerotic diseases. DATA SOURCES: A
literature search of PubMed and EBSCO was conducted to identify randomized
clinical trials from August 2005 to June 2016 using the search terms:
'vorapaxar', 'SCH 530348', 'protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist', and
'Zontivity?'. Bibliographies were searched and additional resources were
obtained. RESULTS: Vorapaxar is a first-in-class, protease-activated receptor-1
antagonist. The Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction
(TRACER) trial did not demonstrate a significant reduction in a broad primary
composite endpoint. However, the Thrombin-Receptor Antagonist in Secondary
Prevention of Atherothrombotic Ischemic Events (TRA 2°P-TIMI 50) trial examined a
more traditional composite endpoint and found a significant benefit with
vorapaxar. Vorapaxar significantly increased bleeding compared with standard
care. Ongoing trials will help define the role of vorapaxar in patients with
peripheral arterial disease, patients with diabetes mellitus, and other important
subgroups. The use of multivariate modeling may enable the identification of
subgroups with maximal benefit and minimal harm from vorapaxar. CONCLUSION:
Vorapaxar provides clinicians with a novel mechanism of action to further reduce
the burden of ischemic heart disease. Identification of patients with a high
ischemic risk and low bleeding risk would enable clinicians to maximize the
utility of this unique agent.
|Atherosclerosis/*drug therapy/metabolism
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Lactones/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/*pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]