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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Anat+Sci+Int 2017 ; 92 (2): 161-72 Nephropedia Template TP
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Evolutionary morphology of podocytes and primary urine-producing apparatus #MMPMID26627098
Ichimura K; Sakai T
Anat Sci Int 2017[]; 92 (2): 161-72 PMID26627098show ga
Excretory organs were acquired in the early phase of metazoan evolution, and they play a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body fluids. In general, these organs consist of two functional components, the primary-urine producing apparatus and the modulating tubule. This basic organization of the excretory organs is conserved among most metazoans. Herein, we present an overview of the morphological evolution of the primary urine-producing apparatus in metazoans and describe the acquisition of the renal glomerulus?a specialized primary urine-producing apparatus?in vertebrates. We also describe the advancement of the glomerular structure and function in higher vertebrates.