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10.1155/2017/1905968 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1155/2017/1905968 C5307002!5307002!28255500     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       J+Anal+Methods+Chem 2017 ; 2017 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28255500|t=2017. Pencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool in Electroanalysis |pdf=|usr=}}{{28255500}} gab.com Text Pencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool in Electroanalysis JO: J Anal Methods Chem http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28255500 #FOAvip Due to their electrochemical and economical characteristics, pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) gained in recent years a large applicability to the analysis of various types of inorganic and organic compounds from very different matrices. The electrode material of this type of working electrodes is constituted by the well-known and easy commercially available graphite pencil leads. Thus, PGEs are cheap and user-friendly and can be employed as disposable electrodes avoiding the time-consuming step of solid electrodes surface cleaning between measurements. When compared to other working electrodes PGEs present lower background currents, higher sensitivity, good reproducibility, and an adjustable electroactive surface area, permitting the analysis of low concentrations and small sample volumes without any deposition/preconcentration step. Therefore, this paper presents a detailed overview of the PGEs characteristics, designs and applications of bare, and electrochemically pretreated and chemically modified PGEs along with the corresponding performance characteristics like linear range and detection limit. Techniques used for bare or modified PGEs surface characterization are also reviewed. Twit Text FOAVip Pencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool in Electroanalysis ????J Anal Methods Chem http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28255500 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28255500 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28255500}}</ref> Pencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool in Electroanalysis #MMPMID28255500 David IG; Popa DE; Buleandra M J Anal Methods Chem 2017[]; 2017 (ä): ä PMID28255500show ga Due to their electrochemical and economical characteristics, pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) gained in recent years a large applicability to the analysis of various types of inorganic and organic compounds from very different matrices. The electrode material of this type of working electrodes is constituted by the well-known and easy commercially available graphite pencil leads. Thus, PGEs are cheap and user-friendly and can be employed as disposable electrodes avoiding the time-consuming step of solid electrodes surface cleaning between measurements. When compared to other working electrodes PGEs present lower background currents, higher sensitivity, good reproducibility, and an adjustable electroactive surface area, permitting the analysis of low concentrations and small sample volumes without any deposition/preconcentration step. Therefore, this paper presents a detailed overview of the PGEs characteristics, designs and applications of bare, and electrochemically pretreated and chemically modified PGEs along with the corresponding performance characteristics like linear range and detection limit. Techniques used for bare or modified PGEs surface characterization are also reviewed. äPencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool in Electroanalysis (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing