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2017 ; 7
(ä): 42551
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A selfish B chromosome induces genome elimination by disrupting the histone
code in the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis
#MMPMID28211924
Aldrich JC
; Leibholz A
; Cheema MS
; Ausi? J
; Ferree PM
Sci Rep
2017[Feb]; 7
(ä): 42551
PMID28211924
show ga
Intragenomic conflict describes a phenomenon in which genetic elements act
'selfishly' to gain a transmission advantage at the expense of the whole genome.
A non-essential, selfish B chromosome known as Paternal Sex Ratio (PSR) induces
complete elimination of the sperm-derived hereditary material in the jewel wasp
Nasonia vitripennis. PSR prevents the paternal chromatin from forming chromosomes
during the first embryonic mitosis, leading to its loss. Although paternally
transmitted, PSR evades self-elimination in order to be inherited. We examined
important post-translational modifications to the DNA packaging histones on the
normal genome and the PSR chromosome in the fertilized embryo. Three histone
marks - H3K9me2,3, H3K27me1, and H4K20me1 - became abnormally enriched and spread
to ectopic positions on the sperm's chromatin before entry into mitosis. In
contrast, other histone marks and DNA methylation were not affected by PSR,
suggesting that its effect on the paternal genome is specific to a subset of
histone marks. Contrary to the paternally derived genome, the PSR chromosome was
visibly devoid of the H3K27me1 and H4K20me1 marks. These findings strongly
suggest that PSR causes paternal genome elimination by disrupting at least three
histone marks following fertilization, while PSR avoids self-elimination by
evading two of these marks.