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2017 ; 28
(2
): 240-251
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Local pulsatile contractions are an intrinsic property of the myosin 2A motor in
the cortical cytoskeleton of adherent cells
#MMPMID27881665
Baird MA
; Billington N
; Wang A
; Adelstein RS
; Sellers JR
; Fischer RS
; Waterman CM
Mol Biol Cell
2017[Jan]; 28
(2
): 240-251
PMID27881665
show ga
The role of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) pulsatile dynamics in generating contractile
forces required for developmental morphogenesis has been characterized, but
whether these pulsatile contractions are an intrinsic property of all actomyosin
networks is not known. Here we used live-cell fluorescence imaging to show that
transient, local assembly of NM2A "pulses" occurs in the cortical cytoskeleton of
single adherent cells of mesenchymal, epithelial, and sarcoma origin, independent
of developmental signaling cues and cell-cell or cell-ECM interactions. We show
that pulses in the cortical cytoskeleton require Rho-associated kinase- or myosin
light chain kinase (MLCK) activity, increases in cytosolic calcium, and NM2
ATPase activity. Surprisingly, we find that cortical cytoskeleton pulses
specifically require the head domain of NM2A, as they do not occur with either
NM2B or a 2B-head-2A-tail chimera. Our results thus suggest that pulsatile
contractions in the cortical cytoskeleton are an intrinsic property of the NM2A
motor that may mediate its role in homeostatic maintenance of tension in the
cortical cytoskeleton of adherent cells.
|Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism
[MESH]
|Actins/metabolism
[MESH]
|Actomyosin/metabolism
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Cytoskeleton/metabolism/physiology
[MESH]
|Molecular Imaging
[MESH]
|Muscle Contraction/physiology
[MESH]
|Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase/metabolism
[MESH]
|Myosins/metabolism
[MESH]
|Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA/genetics/*metabolism/*physiology
[MESH]
|Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB/metabolism/physiology
[MESH]