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2016 ; 79
(3
): 432-7
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Changes in plasma and urinary nitrite after birth in premature infants at risk
for necrotizing enterocolitis
#MMPMID26539663
Pun P
; Jones J
; Wolfe C
; Deming DD
; Power GG
; Blood AB
Pediatr Res
2016[Mar]; 79
(3
): 432-7
PMID26539663
show ga
BACKGROUND: Plasma nitrite serves as a reservoir of nitric oxide (NO)
bioactivity. Because nitrite ingestion is markedly lower in newborns than adults,
we hypothesized plasma nitrite levels would be lower in newborns than in adults,
and that infants diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a disease
characterized by ischemia and bacterial invasion of intestinal walls, would have
lower levels of circulating nitrite in the days prior to diagnosis. METHODS:
Single blood and urine samples were collected from 9 term infants and 12 adults,
72 preterm infants every 5 d for 3?wk, and from 13 lambs before and after cord
occlusion. RESULTS: Nitrite fell 50% relative to cord levels in the first day
after birth; and within 15?min after cord occlusion in lambs. Urinary nitrite was
higher in infants than adults. Plasma and urinary nitrite levels in infants who
developed NEC were similar to those of preterm control infants on days 1 and 5,
but significantly elevated at 15 and 20 d after birth. CONCLUSION: Plasma nitrite
falls dramatically at birth while newborn urinary nitrite levels are
significantly greater than adults. Acute NEC is associated with elevated plasma
and urinary nitrite levels.