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2016 ; 7
(6
): 560-571
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Chromatin changes in SMARCAL1 deficiency: A hypothesis for the gene expression
alterations of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia
#MMPMID27813696
Morimoto M
; Choi K
; Boerkoel CF
; Cho KS
Nucleus
2016[Nov]; 7
(6
): 560-571
PMID27813696
show ga
Mutations in SMARCAL1, which encodes a DNA annealing helicase with roles in DNA
replication fork restart, DNA repair, and gene expression modulation, cause
Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), an autosomal recessive disease
characterized by skeletal dysplasia, renal disease, T-cell immunodeficiency, and
arteriosclerosis. The clinical features of SIOD arise from pathological changes
in gene expression; however, the underlying mechanism for these gene expression
alterations remains unclear. We hypothesized that changes of the epigenome alter
gene expression in SIOD. To test this, we performed a genetic screen for
interaction between Marcal1, the Drosophila melanogaster ortholog of SMARCAL1,
and the genes of the trithorax group (trxG) and Polycomb group (PcG), which
encode epigenetic regulators. SMARCAL1 and Marcal1 genetically interacted with
trxG and PcG members. A homozygous null mutation of Marcal1 suppressed the
wing-to-haltere transformation, ectopic Ultrabithorax (Ubx) expression, and
ectopic Ubx minigene expression caused by PcG deficiency. The suppression of
ectopic Ubx expression correlated with reduced chromatin accessibility of the Ubx
promoter. To our knowledge, this is the first in vivo evidence for deficiency of
a SMARCAL1 ortholog altering the chromatin structure of a gene.