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10.1038/srep37045 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/srep37045 C5181841!5181841 !27872472     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=27872472 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influenza susceptibility to pneumococcal coinfection |pdf=|usr=}}{{27872472 }} gab.com Text Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influenza susceptibility to pneumococcal coinfection JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27872472 #FOAvip In the course of influenza A virus (IAV) infections, a secondary bacterial infection frequently leads to serious respiratory conditions provoking high hospitalization and death tolls. Although abundant pro-inflammatory responses have been reported as key contributing factors for these severe dual infections, the relative contributions of cytokines remain largely unclear. In the current study, mathematical modelling based on murine experimental data dissects IFN-? as a cytokine candidate responsible for impaired bacterial clearance, thereby promoting bacterial growth and systemic dissemination during acute IAV infection. We also found a time-dependent detrimental role of IL-6 in curtailing bacterial outgrowth which was not as distinct as for IFN-?. Our numerical simulations suggested a detrimental effect of IFN-? alone and in synergism with IL-6 but no conclusive pathogenic effect of IL-6 and TNF-? alone. This work provides a rationale to understand the potential impact of how to manipulate temporal immune components, facilitating the formulation of hypotheses about potential therapeutic strategies to treat coinfections. Twit Text FOAVip Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influenza susceptibility to pneumococcal coinfection ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27872472 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27872472 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27872472 }}</ref> Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influenza susceptibility to pneumococcal coinfection #MMPMID27872472 Duvigneau S ; Sharma-Chawla N ; Boianelli A ; Stegemann-Koniszewski S ; Nguyen VK ; Bruder D ; Hernandez-Vargas EA Sci Rep 2016[Nov]; 6 (ä): 37045 PMID27872472 show ga In the course of influenza A virus (IAV) infections, a secondary bacterial infection frequently leads to serious respiratory conditions provoking high hospitalization and death tolls. Although abundant pro-inflammatory responses have been reported as key contributing factors for these severe dual infections, the relative contributions of cytokines remain largely unclear. In the current study, mathematical modelling based on murine experimental data dissects IFN-? as a cytokine candidate responsible for impaired bacterial clearance, thereby promoting bacterial growth and systemic dissemination during acute IAV infection. We also found a time-dependent detrimental role of IL-6 in curtailing bacterial outgrowth which was not as distinct as for IFN-?. Our numerical simulations suggested a detrimental effect of IFN-? alone and in synergism with IL-6 but no conclusive pathogenic effect of IL-6 and TNF-? alone. This work provides a rationale to understand the potential impact of how to manipulate temporal immune components, facilitating the formulation of hypotheses about potential therapeutic strategies to treat coinfections. |*Computer Simulation [MESH] |*Models, Immunological [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Bacteremia/complications/microbiology [MESH] |Bacterial Load [MESH] |Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry/microbiology [MESH] |Coinfection/*immunology/microbiology/virology [MESH] |Cytokines/*physiology [MESH] |Disease Susceptibility [MESH] |Female [MESH] |Influenza A virus/immunology/*pathogenicity [MESH] |Lung/microbiology [MESH] |Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology [MESH] |Mice [MESH] |Mice, Inbred C57BL [MESH] |Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*complications/immunology/physiopathology [MESH] |Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/*complications/etiology/immunology [MESH] |Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology/*pathogenicity [MESH]Hierarchical effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the post-influen(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing