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10.1098/rspb.2016.1796 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1098/rspb.2016.1796 C5136585!5136585!27881751     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Proc+Biol+Sci 2016 ; 283 (1843): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27881751|t=2016. Artificial selection on male genitalia length alters female brain size |pdf=|usr=}}{{27881751}} gab.com Text Artificial selection on male genitalia length alters female brain size JO: Proc Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27881751 #FOAvip Male harassment is a classic example of how sexual conflict over mating leads to sex-specific behavioural adaptations. Females often suffer significant costs from males attempting forced copulations, and the sexes can be in an arms race over male coercion. Yet, despite recent recognition that divergent sex-specific interests in reproduction can affect brain evolution, sexual conflict has not been addressed in this context. Here, we investigate whether artificial selection on a correlate of male success at coercion, genital length, affects brain anatomy in males and females. We analysed the brains of eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), which had been artificially selected for long or short gonopodium, thereby mimicking selection arising from differing levels of male harassment. By analogy to how prey species often have relatively larger brains than their predators, we found that female, but not male, brain size was greater following selection for a longer gonopodium. Brain subregion volumes remained unchanged. These results suggest that there is a positive genetic correlation between male gonopodium length and female brain size, which is possibly linked to increased female cognitive ability to avoid male coercion. We propose that sexual conflict is an important factor in the evolution of brain anatomy and cognitive ability. Twit Text FOAVip Artificial selection on male genitalia length alters female brain size ????Proc Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27881751 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27881751 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27881751}}</ref> Artificial selection on male genitalia length alters female brain size #MMPMID27881751 Buechel SD; Booksmythe I; Kotrschal A; Jennions MD; Kolm N Proc Biol Sci 2016[Nov]; 283 (1843): ä PMID27881751show ga Male harassment is a classic example of how sexual conflict over mating leads to sex-specific behavioural adaptations. Females often suffer significant costs from males attempting forced copulations, and the sexes can be in an arms race over male coercion. Yet, despite recent recognition that divergent sex-specific interests in reproduction can affect brain evolution, sexual conflict has not been addressed in this context. Here, we investigate whether artificial selection on a correlate of male success at coercion, genital length, affects brain anatomy in males and females. We analysed the brains of eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), which had been artificially selected for long or short gonopodium, thereby mimicking selection arising from differing levels of male harassment. By analogy to how prey species often have relatively larger brains than their predators, we found that female, but not male, brain size was greater following selection for a longer gonopodium. Brain subregion volumes remained unchanged. These results suggest that there is a positive genetic correlation between male gonopodium length and female brain size, which is possibly linked to increased female cognitive ability to avoid male coercion. We propose that sexual conflict is an important factor in the evolution of brain anatomy and cognitive ability. äArtificial selection on male genitalia length alters female brain size(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing