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2016 ; 167
(5
): 1339-1353.e21
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A Dietary Fiber-Deprived Gut Microbiota Degrades the Colonic Mucus Barrier and
Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility
#MMPMID27863247
Desai MS
; Seekatz AM
; Koropatkin NM
; Kamada N
; Hickey CA
; Wolter M
; Pudlo NA
; Kitamoto S
; Terrapon N
; Muller A
; Young VB
; Henrissat B
; Wilmes P
; Stappenbeck TS
; Núñez G
; Martens EC
Cell
2016[Nov]; 167
(5
): 1339-1353.e21
PMID27863247
show ga
Despite the accepted health benefits of consuming dietary fiber, little is known
about the mechanisms by which fiber deprivation impacts the gut microbiota and
alters disease risk. Using a gnotobiotic mouse model, in which animals were
colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced
commensal bacteria, we elucidated the functional interactions between dietary
fiber, the gut microbiota, and the colonic mucus barrier, which serves as a
primary defense against enteric pathogens. We show that during chronic or
intermittent dietary fiber deficiency, the gut microbiota resorts to
host-secreted mucus glycoproteins as a nutrient source, leading to erosion of the
colonic mucus barrier. Dietary fiber deprivation, together with a fiber-deprived,
mucus-eroding microbiota, promotes greater epithelial access and lethal colitis
by the mucosal pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Our work reveals intricate
pathways linking diet, the gut microbiome, and intestinal barrier dysfunction,
which could be exploited to improve health using dietary therapeutics.