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2016 ; 16
(1
): 158
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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
#MMPMID27881110
Gaddam S
; Gunukula SK
; Lohr JW
; Arora P
BMC Pulm Med
2016[Nov]; 16
(1
): 158
PMID27881110
show ga
BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continue
to rise worldwide. Increasing age, diabetes, hypertension, and cigarette smoking
are well-recognized risk factors for CKD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is characterized by chronic airway inflammation leading to airway
obstruction and parenchymal lung destruction. Due to some of the common
pathogenic mechanisms, COPD has been associated with increased prevalence of CKD.
METHODS: Systematic review of medical literature reporting the incidence and
prevalence of CKD in patients with COPD using the Cochrane Collaboration
Methodology, and conduct meta-analysis to study the cumulative effect of the
eligible studies. We searched Medline via Ovid, PubMed, EMBASE and ISI Web of
Science databases from 1950 through May, 2016. We included prospective and
retrospective observational studies that reported the prevalence of CKD in
patients with COPD. RESULTS: Our search resulted in 19 eligible studies of which
9 have been included in the meta-analysis. The definition of CKD was uniform
across all the studies included in analysis. COPD was found to be associated with
CKD in the included epidemiological studies conducted in many countries. Our
meta-analysis showed that COPD was found to be associated with a significantly
increased prevalence of CKD (Odds Ratio [OR]?=?2.20; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]
1.83, 2.65). STUDY LIMITATIONS: Studies included are observational studies.
However, given the nature of our research question there is no possibility to
perform a randomized control trial. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COPD have
increased odds of developing CKD. Future research should investigate the
pathophysiological mechanism behind this association, which may lead to better
outcomes.