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2016 ; 72
(12
): 1433-1439
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Drug therapy management in patients with renal impairment: how to use
creatinine-based formulas in clinical practice
#MMPMID27568310
Eppenga WL
; Kramers C
; Derijks HJ
; Wensing M
; Wetzels JF
; De Smet PA
Eur J Clin Pharmacol
2016[Dec]; 72
(12
): 1433-1439
PMID27568310
show ga
PURPOSE: The use of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in daily clinical
practice. METHODS: eGFR is a key component in drug therapy management (DTM) in
patients with renal impairment. eGFR is routinely reported by laboratories
whenever a serum creatinine testing is ordered. In this paper, we will discuss
how to use eGFR knowing the limitations of serum creatinine-based formulas.
RESULTS: Before starting a renally excreted drug, an equally effective drug which
can be used more safely in patients with renal impairment should be considered.
If a renally excreted drug is needed, the reliability of the eGFR should be
assessed and when needed, a 24-h urine creatinine clearance collection should be
performed. After achieving the best approximation of the true GFR, we suggest a
gradual drug dose adaptation according to the renal function. A different
approach for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window (NTW) is recommended compared
to drugs with a broad therapeutic window. For practical purposes, a therapeutic
window of 5 or less was defined as a NTW and a list of NTW drugs is presented.
Considerations about the drug dose may be different at the start of the therapy
or during the therapy and depending on the indication. Monitoring effectiveness
and adverse drug reactions are important, especially for NTW drugs. Dose
adjustment should be based on an ongoing assessment of clinical status and risk
versus the benefit of the used regimen. CONCLUSION: When determining the most
appropriate dosing regimen serum creatinine-based formulas should never be used
naively but always in combination with clinical and pharmacological assessment of
the individual patient.