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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 253.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cell+Rep 2016 ; 17 (7): 1783-94 Nephropedia Template TP
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Programmed death-1 culls peripheral accumulation of high affinity autoreactive CD4 T cells to protect against autoimmunity #MMPMID27829150
Jiang TT; Martinov T; Xin L; Kinder JM; Spanier JA; Fife BT; Way SS
Cell Rep 2016[Nov]; 17 (7): 1783-94 PMID27829150show ga
Self-reactive CD4 T cells are incompletely deleted during thymic development, and their peripheral seeding highlights the need for additional safeguards to avert autoimmunity. Here we show an essential role for the co-inhibitory molecule programmed death-1 (PD-1) in silencing the activation of high-affinity autoreactive CD4 T cells. Each wave of self-reactive CD4 T cells that escapes thymic deletion autonomously upregulates PD-1 to maintain self-tolerance. By tracking the progeny derived from individual autoreactive CD4 T cell clones, we demonstrate that self-reactive cells with the greatest autoimmune threat and highest self-antigen affinity express the most PD-1. Reciprocally, PD-1 deprivation unleashes high-affinity self-reactive CD4 T cells in target tissues to exacerbate neuronal inflammation and autoimmune diabetes. Reliance on PD-1 to actively maintain self-tolerance may explain why exploiting this pathway by cancerous cells and invasive microbes efficiently subverts protective immunity, and why autoimmune side effects develop after PD-1 neutralizing checkpoint therapies.