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10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.006

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.006
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C5102768!5102768!27746050
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid27746050      Cell+Metab 2016 ; 24 (5): 716-27
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  • Environment dictates dependence on mitochondrial complex I for NAD+ and aspartate production and determines cancer cell sensitivity to metformin #MMPMID27746050
  • Gui DY; Sullivan LB; Luengo A; Hosios AM; Bush LN; Gitego N; Davidson SM; Freinkman E; Thomas CJ; Vander Heiden MG
  • Cell Metab 2016[Nov]; 24 (5): 716-27 PMID27746050show ga
  • Metformin use is associated with reduced cancer mortality, but how metformin impacts cancer outcomes is controversial. While metformin can act cell autonomously to inhibit tumor growth, the doses of metformin that inhibit proliferation in tissue culture are much higher than what has been described in vivo. Here, we show that environment drastically alters sensitivity to metformin and other complex I inhibitors. We find that complex I supports proliferation by regenerating NAD+, and metformin?s anti-proliferative effect is due to loss of NAD+/NADH homeostasis and inhibition of aspartate biosynthesis. However, complex I is only one of many inputs that determine cellular NAD+/NADH ratio, and dependency on complex I is dictated by the activity of other pathways that affect NAD+ regeneration and aspartate levels. This suggests that cancer drug sensitivity and resistance are not intrinsic properties of cancer cells, and demonstrates that environment can dictate sensitivity to therapies that impact cell metabolism.
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