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10.1177/2049463716657363 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1177/2049463716657363 C5102094!5102094!27867511     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Br+J+Pain 2016 ; 10 (4): 217-21 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27867511|t=2016. Is tapentadol different from classical opioids? A review of the evidence |pdf=|usr=}}{{27867511}} gab.com Text Is tapentadol different from classical opioids A review of the evidence JO: Br J Pain http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27867511 #FOAvip Tapentadol is a single molecule able to deliver analgesia by two distinct mechanisms, a feature which differentiates it from many other analgesics. Pre-clinical data demonstrate two mechanisms of action: mu-opioid receptor agonist activity and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibition. From these, one may predict that tapentadol would be applicable across a broad spectrum of pain from nociceptive to neuropathic. The evidence in animal models suggests that norepinephrine re-uptake inhibition (NRI) is a key mechanism and may even predominate over opioid actions in chronic (and especially neuropathic) pain states, reinforcing that tapentadol is different to classical opioids and may, therefore, be an a priori choice for the treatment of neuropathic and mixed pain. The clinical studies and subsequent practice experience and surveillance support the concept of opioid and non-opioid mechanisms of action. The reduced incidence of some of the typical opioid-induced side effects, compared to equianalgesic doses of classical opioids, supports the hypothesis that tapentadol analgesia is only partially mediated by opioid agonist mechanisms. Both the pre-clinical and clinical profiles appear to be differentiated from those of classical opioids. Twit Text FOAVip Is tapentadol different from classical opioids A review of the evidence ????Br J Pain http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27867511 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27867511 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27867511}}</ref> Is tapentadol different from classical opioids? A review of the evidence #MMPMID27867511 Langford RM; Knaggs R; Farquhar-Smith P; Dickenson AH Br J Pain 2016[Nov]; 10 (4): 217-21 PMID27867511show ga Tapentadol is a single molecule able to deliver analgesia by two distinct mechanisms, a feature which differentiates it from many other analgesics. Pre-clinical data demonstrate two mechanisms of action: mu-opioid receptor agonist activity and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibition. From these, one may predict that tapentadol would be applicable across a broad spectrum of pain from nociceptive to neuropathic. The evidence in animal models suggests that norepinephrine re-uptake inhibition (NRI) is a key mechanism and may even predominate over opioid actions in chronic (and especially neuropathic) pain states, reinforcing that tapentadol is different to classical opioids and may, therefore, be an a priori choice for the treatment of neuropathic and mixed pain. The clinical studies and subsequent practice experience and surveillance support the concept of opioid and non-opioid mechanisms of action. The reduced incidence of some of the typical opioid-induced side effects, compared to equianalgesic doses of classical opioids, supports the hypothesis that tapentadol analgesia is only partially mediated by opioid agonist mechanisms. Both the pre-clinical and clinical profiles appear to be differentiated from those of classical opioids. äIs tapentadol different from classical opioids? A review of the eviden(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing