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2016 ; 11
(11
): e0166032
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The Influence of the Family on Adolescent Sexual Experience: A Comparison between
Baltimore and Johannesburg
#MMPMID27820853
Mmari K
; Kalamar AM
; Brahmbhatt H
; Venables E
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(11
): e0166032
PMID27820853
show ga
The main objective of this paper is to understand the role of the family on the
sexual experiences of adolescents from urban, disadvantaged settings in Baltimore
and Johannesburg. Data were collected as part of the WAVE study, a global study
of disadvantaged youth in five cities. Qualitative data were based on key
informant interviews, a Photovoice exercise, community mapping, focus groups and
in-depth interviews with adolescents. Quantitative data were gathered from an
ACASI survey that was administered to approximately 450-500 adolescents per site.
Results from the qualitative data revealed that while parents were viewed as
important sources of information for sexual and reproductive health, they were
often not present in the adolescents' lives. This lack of parental presence was
perceived to result in adolescents feeling an overall lack of adult support and
guidance. The impact of parental presence and support on adolescent sexual
experience was further examined from the quantitative data and revealed a complex
picture. In both Baltimore and Johannesburg, female adolescents who were raised
by other relatives were less likely to report having had sex compared to those
raised by two biological parents, which was not observed for males. In
Johannesburg, female adolescents who were paternal orphans were less likely to
have had sex compared to non-orphans; the opposite was true among males. Finally,
in both sites, female adolescents who had been exposed to violence were more
likely to have had sex compared to those who had not; for males, there was no
significant relationship. The study demonstrates the powerful influence of both
context and gender for understanding the influences of the family on adolescent
sexual behaviors. Programs aiming to reduce adolescent sexual risk behaviors the
need to understand the complex influences on risk behaviors in different settings
and in particular, the role of mothers and fathers. Prevention strategies need to
also understand and incorporate gender-specific messages and interventions in
order to address the high risk of sexual behaviors among adolescents in these
settings.
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adolescent Behavior/*psychology
[MESH]
|Adult
[MESH]
|Baltimore
[MESH]
|Child, Orphaned/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Cities/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Family/*psychology
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Focus Groups
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Male
[MESH]
|Perception
[MESH]
|Reproductive Health/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Risk-Taking
[MESH]
|Sexual Behavior/*psychology/*statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|South Africa
[MESH]
|Urban Health/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Violence/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
|Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]