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2016 ; 125
(8
): 1039-1052
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The structure of psychopathology in adolescence and its common personality and
cognitive correlates
#MMPMID27819466
Castellanos-Ryan N
; Brière FN
; O'Leary-Barrett M
; Banaschewski T
; Bokde A
; Bromberg U
; Büchel C
; Flor H
; Frouin V
; Gallinat J
; Garavan H
; Martinot JL
; Nees F
; Paus T
; Pausova Z
; Rietschel M
; Smolka MN
; Robbins TW
; Whelan R
; Schumann G
; Conrod P
J Abnorm Psychol
2016[Nov]; 125
(8
): 1039-1052
PMID27819466
show ga
The traditional view that mental disorders are distinct, categorical disorders
has been challenged by evidence that disorders are highly comorbid and exist on a
continuum (e.g., Caspi et al., 2014; Tackett et al., 2013). The first objective
of this study was to use structural equation modeling to model the structure of
psychopathology in an adolescent community-based sample (N = 2,144) including
conduct disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD), obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating
disorders, substance use, anxiety, depression, phobias, and other emotional
symptoms, assessed at 16 years. The second objective was to identify common
personality and cognitive correlates of psychopathology, assessed at 14 years.
Results showed that psychopathology at 16 years fit 2 bifactor models equally
well: (a) a bifactor model, reflecting a general psychopathology factor, as well
as specific externalizing (representing mainly substance misuse and low ADHD) and
internalizing factors; and (b) a bifactor model with a general psychopathology
factor and 3 specific externalizing (representing mainly ADHD and ODD), substance
use and internalizing factors. The general psychopathology factor was related to
high disinhibition/impulsivity, low agreeableness, high neuroticism and
hopelessness, high delay-discounting, poor response inhibition and low
performance IQ. Substance use was specifically related to high novelty-seeking,
sensation-seeking, extraversion, high verbal IQ, and risk-taking. Internalizing
psychopathology was specifically related to high neuroticism, hopelessness and
anxiety-sensitivity, low novelty-seeking and extraversion, and an attentional
bias toward negatively valenced verbal stimuli. Findings reveal several
nonspecific or transdiagnostic personality and cognitive factors that may be
targeted in new interventions to potentially prevent the development of multiple
psychopathologies. (PsycINFO Database Record
|*Personality
[MESH]
|*Psychology, Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/classification/psychology
[MESH]