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2016 ; 7
(ä): 436
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Canine Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release Induced by the Apicomplexan
Parasite Neospora caninum In Vitro
#MMPMID27843440
Wei Z
; Hermosilla C
; Taubert A
; He X
; Wang X
; Gong P
; Li J
; Yang Z
; Zhang X
Front Immunol
2016[]; 7
(ä): 436
PMID27843440
show ga
Neosporosis is considered as one of the main causes of abortion and severe
economic losses in dairy industry. The Canis genus serving as one of the
confirmed definitive hosts of the apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum (N.
caninum) plays a critical role in its life cycle. However, the effects of N.
caninum on its definitive hosts of neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs)
formation remain unclear. In the present study, N. caninum tachyzoite-induced
canine NETs formation was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Visualization of DNA decorated with H3, neutrophil elastase (NE), and
myeloperoxidase (MPO) within N. caninum tachyzoite-induced NETs were examined
using fluorescence confocal microscopy analyses. Furthermore, the formation of
canine NETs was quantified using Sytox Green staining, and the LDH levels in
supernatants were examined by an LDH Cytotoxicity Assay(®) kit. The results
clearly showed that NETs-like structures were induced by N. caninum tachyzoites,
and the major components within these structures induced by N. caninum tachyzoite
were further confirmed by fluorescence confocal microscopy visualization. These
results suggest that N. caninum tachyzoites strongly induced NETs formation in
canine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). In functional inhibition assays, the
blockings of NADPH oxidase, NE, MPO, SOCE, ERK 1/2, and p38 MAPK signaling
pathways significantly inhibited N. caninum tachyzoite-induced NETs formation. To
our knowledge, this study is the first to report the formation of NETs in canine
PMN against N. caninum infection.