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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 9867138
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Apoptosis of Endothelial Cells by 13-HPODE Contributes to Impairment of
Endothelial Barrier Integrity
#MMPMID27818578
Ryman VE
; Packiriswamy N
; Sordillo LM
Mediators Inflamm
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 9867138
PMID27818578
show ga
Inflammation is an essential host response during bacterial infections such as
bovine mastitis. Endothelial cells are critical for an appropriate inflammatory
response and loss of vascular barrier integrity is implicated in the pathogenesis
of Streptococcus uberis-induced mastitis. Previous studies suggested that
accumulation of linoleic acid (LA) oxygenation products derived from
15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) metabolism could regulate vascular functions. The
initial LA derivative from the 15-LOX-1 pathway, 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic
acid (HPODE), can induce endothelial death, whereas the reduced hydroxyl product,
13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE), is abundantly produced during vascular
activation. However, the relative contribution of specific LA-derived metabolites
on impairment of mammary endothelial integrity is unknown. Our hypothesis was
that S. uberis-induced LA-derived 15-LOX-1 oxygenation products impair mammary
endothelial barrier integrity by apoptosis. Exposure of bovine mammary
endothelial cells (BMEC) to S. uberis did not increase 15-LOX-1 LA metabolism.
However, S. uberis challenge of bovine monocytes demonstrated that monocytes may
be a significant source of both 13-HPODE and 13-HODE during mastitis. Exposure of
BMEC to 13-HPODE, but not 13-HODE, significantly reduced endothelial barrier
integrity and increased apoptosis. Changing oxidant status by coexposure to an
antioxidant during 13-HPODE treatment prevented adverse effects of 13-HPODE,
including amelioration of apoptosis. A better understanding of how the oxidant
status of the vascular microenvironment impacts endothelial barrier properties
could lead to more efficacious treatments for S. uberis mastitis.