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2016 ; 11
(10
): e0165347
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English Wikipedia
Progesterone Alleviates Endometriosis via Inhibition of Uterine Cell
Proliferation, Inflammation and Angiogenesis in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model
#MMPMID27776183
Li Y
; Adur MK
; Kannan A
; Davila J
; Zhao Y
; Nowak RA
; Bagchi MK
; Bagchi IC
; Li Q
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(10
): e0165347
PMID27776183
show ga
Endometriosis, defined as growth of the endometrial cells outside the uterus, is
an inflammatory disorder that is associated with chronic pelvic pain and
infertility in women of childbearing age. Although the estrogen-dependence of
endometriosis is well known, the role of progesterone in development of this
disease remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed a disease model in
which endometriosis was induced in the peritoneal cavities of immunocompetent
female mice, and maintained with exogenous estrogen. The endometriosis-like
lesions that were identified at a variety of ectopic locations exhibited abundant
blood supply and extensive adhesions. Histological examination revealed that
these lesions had a well-organized endometrial architecture and fibrotic
response, resembling those recovered from clinical patients. In addition, an
extensive proliferation, inflammatory response, and loss of estrogen receptor
alpha (ER?) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression were also observed in these
lesions. Interestingly, administration of progesterone before, but not after,
lesion induction suppressed lesion expansion and maintained ER? and PR
expressions. These progesterone-pretreated lesions exhibited attenuation in KI67,
CD31, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression as well as macrophage
infiltration, indicating that progesterone ameliorates endometriosis progression
by inhibiting cell proliferation, inflammation and neovascularization. Our
studies further showed that suppression of global DNA methylation by application
of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor to female mice bearing ectopic lesions
restrained lesion expansion and restored ER? and PR expression in eutopic
endometrium and ectopic lesions. These results indicate that epigenetic
regulation of target gene expression via DNA methylation contributes, at least in
part, to progesterone resistance in endometriosis.
|*Immunocompetence
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Cell Proliferation/*drug effects
[MESH]
|DNA Methylation
[MESH]
|Disease Progression
[MESH]
|Endometriosis/*drug therapy/pathology
[MESH]
|Epigenesis, Genetic
[MESH]
|Estradiol/pharmacology
[MESH]
|Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Mice
[MESH]
|Ovariectomy
[MESH]
|Progesterone/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]