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2016 ; 291
(40
): 21020-21028
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Transforming Growth Factor-? (TGF-?) Inhibits the Expression of Factor
VII-activating Protease (FSAP) in Hepatocytes
#MMPMID27462075
Leiting S
; Seidl S
; Martinez-Palacian A
; Muhl L
; Kanse SM
J Biol Chem
2016[Sep]; 291
(40
): 21020-21028
PMID27462075
show ga
Deletion of the Habp2 gene encoding Factor VII-activating protease (FSAP)
increases liver fibrosis in mice. A single nucleotide polymorphism (G534E) in
HABP2 leads to lower enzymatic activity and is associated with enhanced liver
fibrosis in humans. Liver fibrosis is associated with a decrease in FSAP
expression but, to date, nothing is known about how this might be regulated.
Primary mouse hepatocytes or the hepatocyte cell line, AML12, were treated with
different factors, and expression of FSAP was determined. Of the various
regulatory factors tested, only transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) demonstrated
a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of FSAP expression at the mRNA and
protein level. The TGF-?-Type I receptor (ALK-5) antagonist SB431542 and Smad2
siRNA, but neither SIS3, which inhibits SMAD3, nor siRNA against Smad3 could
block this effect. Various regions of the HABP2 promoter region were cloned into
reporter constructs, and the promoter activity was determined. Accordingly, the
promoter activity, which could phenocopy changes in Habp2 mRNA in response to
TGF-?, was found to be located in the 177-bp region upstream of the transcription
start site, and this region did not contain any SMAD binding sites. Mutation
analysis of the promoter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed
to identify an important role for the ATF3 binding element. Thus, TGF-? is the
most likely mediator responsible for the decrease in FSAP expression in liver
fibrosis.