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2016 ; 60
(4
): 534-56
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
The Psychoprophylactic Method of Painless Childbirth in Socialist Czechoslovakia:
from State Propaganda to Activism of Enthusiasts
#MMPMID27628861
Hre?anová E
Med Hist
2016[Oct]; 60
(4
): 534-56
PMID27628861
show ga
This paper explores the history of the 'psychoprophylactic method of painless
childbirth' in socialist Czechoslovakia, in particular, in the Czech and Moravian
regions of the country, showing that it substantially differs from the course
that the method took in other countries. This non-pharmacological method of pain
relief originated in the USSR and became well known as the Lamaze method in
western English-speaking countries. Use of the method in Czechoslovakia, however,
followed a very different path from both the West, where its use was refined
mainly outside the biomedical frame, and the USSR, where it ceased to be pursued
as a scientific method in the 1950s after Stalin's death. The method was imported
to Czechoslovakia in the early 1950s and it was politically promoted as Soviet
science's gift to women. In the 1960s the method became widespread in practice
but research on it diminished and, in the 1970s, its use declined too. However,
in the 1980s, in the last decade of the Communist regime, the method resurfaced
in the pages of Czechoslovak medical journals and underwent an exciting
renaissance, having been reintroduced by a few enthusiastic individuals, most of
them women. This article explores the background to the renewed interest in the
method while providing insight into the wider social and political context that
shaped socialist maternity and birth care in different periods.