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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 4576012
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Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Induced by Chronic Sleep Loss: Low-Grade
Inflammation May Be the Link
#MMPMID27738642
Hurtado-Alvarado G
; Domínguez-Salazar E
; Pavon L
; Velázquez-Moctezuma J
; Gómez-González B
J Immunol Res
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 4576012
PMID27738642
show ga
Sleep is a vital phenomenon related to immunomodulation at the central and
peripheral level. Sleep deficient in duration and/or quality is a common problem
in the modern society and is considered a risk factor to develop
neurodegenerative diseases. Sleep loss in rodents induces blood-brain barrier
disruption and the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Several reports
indicate that sleep loss induces a systemic low-grade inflammation characterized
by the release of several molecules, such as cytokines, chemokines, and
acute-phase proteins; all of them may promote changes in cellular components of
the blood-brain barrier, particularly on brain endothelial cells. In the present
review we discuss the role of inflammatory mediators that increase during sleep
loss and their association with general disturbances in peripheral endothelium
and epithelium and how those inflammatory mediators may alter the blood-brain
barrier. Finally, this manuscript proposes a hypothetical mechanism by which
sleep loss may induce blood-brain barrier disruption, emphasizing the regulatory
effect of inflammatory molecules on tight junction proteins.