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10.1128/IAI.00278-16 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1128/IAI.00278-16 C5038070!5038070!27430272     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\27430272.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Infect+Immun 2016 ; 84 (10): 2779-90 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27430272|t=2016. Cooperation of PD-1 and LAG-3 Contributes to T-Cell Exhaustion in Anaplasma marginale-Infected Cattle |pdf=|usr=}}{{27430272}} gab.com Text Cooperation of PD-1 and LAG-3 Contributes to T-Cell Exhaustion in Anaplasma marginale-Infected Cattle JO: Infect Immun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27430272 #FOAvip The CD4+ T-cell response is central for the control of Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle. However, the infection induces a functional exhaustion of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in cattle immunized with A. marginale outer membrane proteins or purified outer membranes (OMs), which presumably facilitates the persistence of this rickettsia. In the present study, we hypothesize that T-cell exhaustion following infection is induced by the upregulation of immunoinhibitory receptors on T cells, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3). OM-specific T-cell responses and the kinetics of PD-1-positive (PD-1+) LAG-3+ exhausted T cells were monitored in A. marginale-challenged cattle previously immunized with OMs. Consistent with data from previous studies, OM-specific proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and interferon gamma (IFN-?) production were significantly suppressed in challenged animals by 5 weeks postinfection (wpi). In addition, bacteremia and anemia also peaked in these animals at 5 wpi. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the percentage of PD-1+ LAG-3+ T cells in the CD4+, CD8+, and ?? T-cell populations gradually increased and also peaked at 5 wpi. A large increase in the percentage of LAG-3+ ?? T cells was also observed. Importantly, in vitro, the combined blockade of the PD-1 and LAG-3 pathways partially restored OM-specific PBMC proliferation and IFN-? production at 5 wpi. Taken together, these results indicate that coexpression of PD-1 and LAG-3 on T cells contributes to the rapid exhaustion of A. marginale-specific T cells following infection and that these immunoinhibitory receptors regulate T-cell responses during bovine anaplasmosis. Twit Text FOAVip Cooperation of PD-1 and LAG-3 Contributes to T-Cell Exhaustion in Anaplasma marginale-Infected Cattle ????Infect Immun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27430272 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27430272 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27430272}}</ref> Cooperation of PD-1 and LAG-3 Contributes to T-Cell Exhaustion in Anaplasma marginale-Infected Cattle #MMPMID27430272 Okagawa T; Konnai S; Deringer JR; Ueti MW; Scoles GA; Murata S; Ohashi K; Brown WC Infect Immun 2016[Oct]; 84 (10): 2779-90 PMID27430272show ga The CD4+ T-cell response is central for the control of Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle. However, the infection induces a functional exhaustion of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in cattle immunized with A. marginale outer membrane proteins or purified outer membranes (OMs), which presumably facilitates the persistence of this rickettsia. In the present study, we hypothesize that T-cell exhaustion following infection is induced by the upregulation of immunoinhibitory receptors on T cells, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3). OM-specific T-cell responses and the kinetics of PD-1-positive (PD-1+) LAG-3+ exhausted T cells were monitored in A. marginale-challenged cattle previously immunized with OMs. Consistent with data from previous studies, OM-specific proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and interferon gamma (IFN-?) production were significantly suppressed in challenged animals by 5 weeks postinfection (wpi). In addition, bacteremia and anemia also peaked in these animals at 5 wpi. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the percentage of PD-1+ LAG-3+ T cells in the CD4+, CD8+, and ?? T-cell populations gradually increased and also peaked at 5 wpi. A large increase in the percentage of LAG-3+ ?? T cells was also observed. Importantly, in vitro, the combined blockade of the PD-1 and LAG-3 pathways partially restored OM-specific PBMC proliferation and IFN-? production at 5 wpi. Taken together, these results indicate that coexpression of PD-1 and LAG-3 on T cells contributes to the rapid exhaustion of A. marginale-specific T cells following infection and that these immunoinhibitory receptors regulate T-cell responses during bovine anaplasmosis. äCooperation of PD-1 and LAG-3 Contributes to T-Cell Exhaustion in Anap(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing