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2016 ; 113
(38
): 10637-42
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Leptin promotes systemic lupus erythematosus by increasing autoantibody
production and inhibiting immune regulation
#MMPMID27588900
Lourenço EV
; Liu A
; Matarese G
; La Cava A
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2016[Sep]; 113
(38
): 10637-42
PMID27588900
show ga
Leptin is an adipocytokine that plays a key role in the modulation of immune
responses and the development and maintenance of inflammation. Circulating levels
of leptin are elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but it is
not clear whether this association can reflect a direct influence of leptin on
the propathogenic events that lead to SLE. To investigate this possibility, we
compared the extent of susceptibility to SLE and lupus manifestations between
leptin-deficient (ob/ob) and H2-matched leptin-sufficient (wild-type, WT) mice
that had been treated with the lupus-inducing agent pristane. Leptin deficiency
protected ob/ob mice from the development of autoantibodies and renal disease and
increased the frequency of immunoregulatory T cells (Tregs) compared with
leptin-sufficient WT mice. The role of leptin in the development of SLE was
confirmed in the New Zealand Black (NZB) × New Zealand White (NZW)F1 (NZB/W)
mouse model of spontaneous SLE, where elevated leptin levels correlated with
disease manifestations and the administration of leptin accelerated development
of autoantibodies and renal disease. Conversely, leptin antagonism delayed
disease progression and increased survival of severely nephritic NZB/W mice. At
the cellular level, leptin promoted effector T-cell responses and facilitated the
presentation of self-antigens to T cells, whereas it inhibited the activity of
regulatory CD4 T cells. The understanding of the role of leptin in modulating
autoimmune responses in SLE can open possibilities of leptin-targeted therapeutic
intervention in the disease.