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2016 ; 291
(39
): 20353-71
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Deciphering the Molecular and Functional Basis of RHOGAP Family Proteins: A
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TOWARD SELECTIVE INACTIVATION OF RHO FAMILY PROTEINS
#MMPMID27481945
Amin E
; Jaiswal M
; Derewenda U
; Reis K
; Nouri K
; Koessmeier KT
; Aspenström P
; Somlyo AV
; Dvorsky R
; Ahmadian MR
J Biol Chem
2016[Sep]; 291
(39
): 20353-71
PMID27481945
show ga
RHO GTPase-activating proteins (RHOGAPs) are one of the major classes of
regulators of the RHO-related protein family that are crucial in many cellular
processes, motility, contractility, growth, differentiation, and development.
Using database searches, we extracted 66 distinct human RHOGAPs, from which 57
have a common catalytic domain capable of terminating RHO protein signaling by
stimulating the slow intrinsic GTP hydrolysis (GTPase) reaction. The specificity
of the majority of the members of RHOGAP family is largely uncharacterized. Here,
we comprehensively investigated the sequence-structure-function relationship
between RHOGAPs and RHO proteins by combining our in vitro data with in silico
data. The activity of 14 representatives of the RHOGAP family toward 12 RHO
family proteins was determined in real time. We identified and structurally
verified hot spots in the interface between RHOGAPs and RHO proteins as critical
determinants for binding and catalysis. We have found that the RHOGAP domain
itself is nonselective and in some cases rather inefficient under cell-free
conditions. Thus, we propose that other domains of RHOGAPs confer substrate
specificity and fine-tune their catalytic efficiency in cells.