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10.1098/rspb.2016.1527 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1098/rspb.2016.1527 C5031667!5031667!27629039     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Proc+Biol+Sci 2016 ; 283 (1838): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27629039|t=2016. Background complexity and the detectability of camouflaged targets by birds and humans |pdf=|usr=}}{{27629039}} gab.com Text Background complexity and the detectability of camouflaged targets by birds and humans JO: Proc Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27629039 #FOAvip Remaining undetected is often key to survival, and camouflage is a widespread solution. However, extrinsic to the animal itself, the complexity of the background may be important. This has been shown in laboratory experiments using artificially patterned prey and backgrounds, but the mechanism remains obscure (not least because ?complexity? is a multifaceted concept). In this study, we determined the best predictors of detection by wild birds and human participants searching for the same cryptic targets on trees in the field. We compared detection success to metrics of background complexity and ?visual clutter? adapted from the human visual salience literature. For both birds and humans, the factor that explained most of the variation in detectability was the textural complexity of the tree bark as measured by a metric of feature congestion (specifically, many nearby edges in the background). For birds, this swamped any effects of colour match to the local surroundings, although for humans, local luminance disparities between the target and tree became important. For both taxa, a more abstract measure of complexity, entropy, was a poorer predictor. Our results point to the common features of background complexity that affect visual search in birds and humans, and how to quantify them. Twit Text FOAVip Background complexity and the detectability of camouflaged targets by birds and humans ????Proc Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27629039 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27629039 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27629039}}</ref> Background complexity and the detectability of camouflaged targets by birds and humans #MMPMID27629039 Xiao F; Cuthill IC Proc Biol Sci 2016[Sep]; 283 (1838): ä PMID27629039show ga Remaining undetected is often key to survival, and camouflage is a widespread solution. However, extrinsic to the animal itself, the complexity of the background may be important. This has been shown in laboratory experiments using artificially patterned prey and backgrounds, but the mechanism remains obscure (not least because ?complexity? is a multifaceted concept). In this study, we determined the best predictors of detection by wild birds and human participants searching for the same cryptic targets on trees in the field. We compared detection success to metrics of background complexity and ?visual clutter? adapted from the human visual salience literature. For both birds and humans, the factor that explained most of the variation in detectability was the textural complexity of the tree bark as measured by a metric of feature congestion (specifically, many nearby edges in the background). For birds, this swamped any effects of colour match to the local surroundings, although for humans, local luminance disparities between the target and tree became important. For both taxa, a more abstract measure of complexity, entropy, was a poorer predictor. Our results point to the common features of background complexity that affect visual search in birds and humans, and how to quantify them. äBackground complexity and the detectability of camouflaged targets by (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing