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Beta Cell Hubs Dictate Pancreatic Islet Responses to Glucose #MMPMID27452146
Johnston N; Mitchell R; Haythorne E; Pessoa M; Semplici F; Ferrer J; Piemonti L; Marchetti P; Bugliani M; Bosco D; Berishvili E; Duncanson P; Watkinson M; Broichhagen J; Trauner D; Rutter G; Hodson D
Cell Metab 2016[Sep]; 24 (3): 389-401 PMID27452146show ga
The arrangement of ? cells within islets of Langerhans is critical for insulin release through the generation of rhythmic activity. A privileged role for individual ? cells in orchestrating these responses has long been suspected, but not directly demonstrated. We show here that the ? cell population in situ is operationally heterogeneous. Mapping of islet functional architecture revealed the presence of hub cells with pacemaker properties, which remain stable over recording periods of 2 to 3 hr. Using a dual optogenetic/photopharmacological strategy, silencing of hubs abolished coordinated islet responses to glucose, whereas specific stimulation restored communication patterns. Hubs were metabolically adapted and targeted by both pro-inflammatory and glucolipotoxic insults to induce widespread ? cell dysfunction. Thus, the islet is wired by hubs, whose failure may contribute to type 2 diabetes mellitus.