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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 PLoS+Pathog
2016 ; 12
(9
): e1005840
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Progesterone-Based Therapy Protects Against Influenza by Promoting Lung Repair
and Recovery in Females
#MMPMID27631986
Hall OJ
; Limjunyawong N
; Vermillion MS
; Robinson DP
; Wohlgemuth N
; Pekosz A
; Mitzner W
; Klein SL
PLoS Pathog
2016[Sep]; 12
(9
): e1005840
PMID27631986
show ga
Over 100 million women use progesterone therapies worldwide. Despite having
immunomodulatory and repair properties, their effects on the outcome of viral
diseases outside of the reproductive tract have not been evaluated.
Administration of exogenous progesterone (at concentrations that mimic the luteal
phase) to progesterone-depleted adult female mice conferred protection from both
lethal and sublethal influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Progesterone treatment
altered the inflammatory environment of the lungs, but had no effects on viral
load. Progesterone treatment promoted faster recovery by increasing TGF-?, IL-6,
IL-22, numbers of regulatory Th17 cells expressing CD39, and cellular
proliferation, reducing protein leakage into the airway, improving pulmonary
function, and upregulating the epidermal growth factor amphiregulin (AREG) in the
lungs. Administration of rAREG to progesterone-depleted females promoted
pulmonary repair and improved the outcome of IAV infection.
Progesterone-treatment of AREG-deficient females could not restore protection,
indicating that progesterone-mediated induction of AREG caused repair in the
lungs and accelerated recovery from IAV infection. Repair and production of AREG
by damaged respiratory epithelial cell cultures in vitro was increased by
progesterone. Our results illustrate that progesterone is a critical host factor
mediating production of AREG by epithelial cells and pulmonary tissue repair
following infection, which has important implications for women's health.