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2015 ; 106
(4
): 597-608
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The dark side of cognitive illusions: when an illusory belief interferes with the
acquisition of evidence-based knowledge
#MMPMID25641547
Yarritu I
; Matute H
; Luque D
Br J Psychol
2015[Nov]; 106
(4
): 597-608
PMID25641547
show ga
Cognitive illusions are often associated with mental health and well-being.
However, they are not without risk. This research shows they can interfere with
the acquisition of evidence-based knowledge. During the first phase of the
experiment, one group of participants was induced to develop a strong illusion
that a placebo medicine was effective to treat a fictitious disease, whereas
another group was induced to develop a weak illusion. Then, in Phase 2, both
groups observed fictitious patients who always took the bogus treatment
simultaneously with a second treatment which was effective. Our results showed
that the group who developed the strong illusion about the effectiveness of the
bogus treatment during Phase 1 had more difficulties in learning during Phase 2
that the added treatment was effective.