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2016 ; 5
(8
): 656-668
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The F-actin modifier villin regulates insulin granule dynamics and exocytosis
downstream of islet cell autoantigen 512
#MMPMID27656403
Mziaut H
; Mulligan B
; Hoboth P
; Otto O
; Ivanova A
; Herbig M
; Schumann D
; Hildebrandt T
; Dehghany J
; Sönmez A
; Münster C
; Meyer-Hermann M
; Guck J
; Kalaidzidis Y
; Solimena M
Mol Metab
2016[Aug]; 5
(8
): 656-668
PMID27656403
show ga
OBJECTIVE: Insulin release from pancreatic islet ? cells should be tightly
controlled to avoid hypoglycemia and insulin resistance. The cortical actin
cytoskeleton is a gate for regulated exocytosis of insulin secretory granules
(SGs) by restricting their mobility and access to the plasma membrane. Prior
studies suggest that SGs interact with F-actin through their transmembrane cargo
islet cell autoantigen 512 (Ica512) (also known as islet antigen 2/Ptprn). Here
we investigated how Ica512 modulates SG trafficking and exocytosis. METHODS:
Transcriptomic changes in Ica512 (-/-) mouse islets were analyzed. Imaging as
well as biophysical and biochemical methods were used to validate if and how the
Ica512-regulated gene villin modulates insulin secretion in mouse islets and
insulinoma cells. RESULTS: The F-actin modifier villin was consistently
downregulated in Ica512 (-/-) mouse islets and in Ica512-depleted insulinoma
cells. Villin was enriched at the cell cortex of ? cells and dispersed villin
(-/-) islet cells were less round and less deformable. Basal mobility of SGs in
villin-depleted cells was enhanced. Moreover, in cells depleted either of villin
or Ica512 F-actin cages restraining cortical SGs were enlarged, basal secretion
was increased while glucose-stimulated insulin release was blunted. The latter
changes were reverted by overexpressing villin in Ica512-depleted cells, but not
vice versa. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that villin controls the size of the
F-actin cages restricting SGs and, thus, regulates their dynamics and
availability for exocytosis. Evidence that villin acts downstream of Ica512 also
indicates that SGs directly influence the remodeling properties of the cortical
actin cytoskeleton for tight control of insulin secretion.