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2016 ; 4
(ä): 38
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Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability
#MMPMID27668212
Bhattacharyya D
; Mirihana Arachchilage G
; Basu S
Front Chem
2016[]; 4
(ä): 38
PMID27668212
show ga
This review is focused on the structural and physicochemical aspects of metal
cation coordination to G-Quadruplexes (GQ) and their effects on GQ stability and
conformation. G-quadruplex structures are non-canonical secondary structures
formed by both DNA and RNA. G-quadruplexes regulate a wide range of important
biochemical processes. Besides the sequence requirements, the coordination of
monovalent cations in the GQ is essential for its formation and determines the
stability and polymorphism of GQ structures. The nature, location, and dynamics
of the cation coordination and their impact on the overall GQ stability are
dependent on several factors such as the ionic radii, hydration energy, and the
bonding strength to the O6 of guanines. The intracellular monovalent cation
concentration and the localized ion concentrations determine the formation of GQs
and can potentially dictate their regulatory roles. A wide range of biochemical
and biophysical studies on an array of GQ enabling sequences have generated at a
minimum the knowledge base that allows us to often predict the stability of GQs
in the presence of the physiologically relevant metal ions, however, prediction
of conformation of such GQs is still out of the realm.
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