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2016 ; 11
(9
): 1582-1589
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Clinical Significance of IgM and C3 Glomerular Deposition in Primary Focal
Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
#MMPMID27340287
Zhang YM
; Gu QH
; Huang J
; Qu Z
; Wang X
; Meng LQ
; Wang F
; Liu G
; Cui Z
; Zhao MH
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
2016[Sep]; 11
(9
): 1582-1589
PMID27340287
show ga
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Glomerular IgM deposition is commonly shown in primary
FSGS and sometimes accompanied by C3 deposition. Clinical presentation and
treatment outcomes of these patients are not investigated in detail. DESIGN,
SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, &MEASUREMENTS: One hundred six consecutive patients with
biopsy-proven primary FSGS from 2004 to 2014 were enrolled retrospectively.
Clinical features and treatment outcomes were compared between patients with and
without IgM/C3 deposition. RESULTS: Fifty-eight (54.7%) patients presented with
IgM glomerular deposition on sclerotic segments. C3 and C1q depositions were
shown exclusively in patients with IgM deposition (34.5% versus 0.0%; P<0.001 and
8.6% versus 0.0%; P=0.04, respectively). Patients with IgM deposition were
younger (median; range: 24.5; 18.8-39.0 versus 46.5; 26.0-64.0 years old;
P=0.001), had higher level of serum IgM (142.5; 96.3-206.0 versus 107.0;
71.0-140.0 mg/dl; P=0.01), and had higher level of eGFR (median; range 97.7;
48.0-135.8 versus 62.1; 33.7-93.9 ml/min per 1.73 m(2); P=0.01) at the time of
kidney biopsy. The percentage of sclerosis lesions was significantly higher in
patients with C3 deposition (median; range: 21.7%; 15.3%-31.1% versus 9.2%;
6.6%-20.0%; P=0.002). Although patients received comparable immunosuppressive
treatments during 58.9 (29.5-81.1) months of follow-up, a significantly higher
prevalence of refractory cases (no response or steroid dependent) occurred in
patients with combined IgM and C3 deposition compared with patients with IgM
deposition alone or without IgM deposition (58.8% versus 22.2% versus 15.6%,
respectively; P=0.004). Multivariate analysis identified combined IgM and C3
deposition (odds ratio, 11.32; 95% confidence interval, 2.26 to 56.65; P=0.003)
as an independent risk factor for refractory patients; 19 of 98 patients
developed renal dysfunction when their serum creatinine levels increased >30%
from baseline and reached >1.5 mg/dl. Combined IgM and C3 deposition (hazard
ratio, 5.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.34 to 23.84; P=0.02) was identified as an
independent risk factor for renal dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with primary
FSGS and IgM and C3 deposition showed unfavorable therapeutic responses and worse
renal outcomes, which indicate that IgM and C3 deposition might involve disease
progression via complement activation.