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2016 ; 197
(6
): 2187-94
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Opposing Roles of Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Mer and Axl Determine Clinical
Outcomes in Experimental Immune-Mediated Nephritis
#MMPMID27527599
Zhen Y
; Priest SO
; Shao WH
J Immunol
2016[Sep]; 197
(6
): 2187-94
PMID27527599
show ga
Glomerulonephritis is one of the most severe manifestations of systemic lupus
erythematosus, with considerable morbidity and mortality. There remains a major
unmet need for successful management of lupus nephritis. TAM family receptor
tyrosine kinases (Mer and Axl) play an important role in the maintenance of
immune homeostasis in the kidney. Mer is constitutively expressed in the
glomeruli; Axl expression is inducible in glomeruli under inflammatory
conditions. To investigate the distinct functions of Axl and Mer in lupus
nephritis, we compared the severity of nephrotoxic serum glomerulonephritis in
wild-type (WT), Axl-knockout (KO), Mer-KO, and Axl/Mer-KO mice. Mer-KO mice
developed severe glomerulonephritis, with significantly decreased survival and
increased blood urea nitrogen levels compared with WT mice given the same
treatment. However, nephrotoxic serum-treated Axl-KO mice had significantly
increased survival rates and improved renal function compared with similarly
treated WT, Mer-KO, and Axl/Mer-KO mice. Interestingly, mice lacking both Axl and
Mer developed kidney inflammation comparable to WT mice. Western blot analysis
revealed significantly increased Stat3 phosphorylation and caspase-1 activation
in the kidneys of nephritic Mer-KO mice. In contrast, Axl-deficient nephrotoxic
serum-injected mice showed decreased Akt phosphorylation and Bcl-xL upregulation.
Thus, the reciprocal activation of Axl and Mer receptor tyrosine kinases has a
major impact on the outcome of renal inflammation.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
[MESH]
|Caspase 1/physiology
[MESH]
|Cell Proliferation
[MESH]
|Cytokines/biosynthesis
[MESH]
|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology
[MESH]