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2016 ; 2
(8
): 545-59
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Small-Molecule Procaspase-3 Activation Sensitizes Cancer to Treatment with
Diverse Chemotherapeutics
#MMPMID27610416
Botham RC
; Roth HS
; Book AP
; Roady PJ
; Fan TM
; Hergenrother PJ
ACS Cent Sci
2016[Aug]; 2
(8
): 545-59
PMID27610416
show ga
Conventional chemotherapeutics remain essential treatments for most cancers, but
their combination with other anticancer drugs (including targeted therapeutics)
is often complicated by unpredictable synergies and multiplicative toxicities. As
cytotoxic anticancer chemotherapeutics generally function through induction of
apoptosis, we hypothesized that a molecularly targeted small molecule capable of
facilitating a central and defining step in the apoptotic cascade, the activation
of procaspase-3 to caspase-3, would broadly and predictably enhance activity of
cytotoxic drugs. Here we show that procaspase-activating compound 1 (PAC-1)
enhances cancer cell death induced by 15 different FDA-approved
chemotherapeutics, across many cancer types and chemotherapeutic targets. In
particular, the promising combination of PAC-1 and doxorubicin induces a
synergistic reduction in tumor burden and enhances survival in murine tumor
models of osteosarcoma and lymphoma. This PAC-1/doxorubicin combination was
evaluated in 10 pet dogs with naturally occurring metastatic osteosarcoma or
lymphoma, eliciting a biologic response in 3 of 6 osteosarcoma patients and 4 of
4 lymphoma patients. Importantly, in both mice and dogs, coadministration of
PAC-1 with doxorubicin resulted in no additional toxicity. On the basis of the
mode of action of PAC-1 and the high expression of procaspase-3 in many cancers,
these results suggest the combination of PAC-1 with cytotoxic anticancer drugs as
a potent and general strategy to enhance therapeutic response.