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2016 ; 47
(9
): 2364-72
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Leukoaraiosis, Cerebral Hemorrhage, and Outcome After Intravenous Thrombolysis
for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis (v1)
#MMPMID27491738
Charidimou A
; Pasi M
; Fiorelli M
; Shams S
; von Kummer R
; Pantoni L
; Rost N
Stroke
2016[Sep]; 47
(9
): 2364-72
PMID27491738
show ga
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We performed a meta-analysis to assess whether
leukoaraiosis on brain computed tomographic scans of acute ischemic stroke
patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis is associated with an increased
risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) or poor functional outcome at
3 to 6 months after stroke, or both. METHODS: We searched PubMed and pooled
relevant data in meta-analyses using random effects models. Using odds ratios
(OR), we quantified the strength of association between the presence and severity
of leukoaraiosis and post-thrombolysis sICH or 3- to 6-month modified Rankin
Score >2. RESULTS: Eleven eligible studies (n=7194) were pooled in meta-analysis.
The risk of sICH was higher in patients with leukoaraiosis (OR, 1.55; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.06; P=0.002) and severe leukoaraiosis (OR, 2.53;
95% CI, 1.92-3.34; P<0.0001) compared with patients without leukoaraiosis.
Leukoaraiosis was an independent predictor of sICH in 6 included studies (n=4976;
adjusted OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.35-2.27; P<0.0001). OR for leukoaraiosis and poor 3-
to 6-month outcome was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.54-2.65; P<0.0001), with significant
statistical heterogeneity (I(2), 75.7%; P=0.002). In adjusted analyses,
leukoaraiosis was an independent predictor of poor outcome (n=3688; adjusted OR,
1.61; 95% CI, 1.44-1.79; P<0.0001). In post hoc analyses, including only
leukoaraiosis patients in randomized controlled trials (IST-3 [third
International Stroke Trial], NINDS [National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke], ECASS-1-2 [European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study]; n=2234),
tissue-type plasminogen activator versus control was associated with higher sICH
risk (OR, 5.50; 95% CI, 2.49-12.13), but lower poor outcome risk (OR, 0.75; 95%
CI, 0.60-0.95). CONCLUSIONS: Leukoaraiosis might increase post-intravenous
thrombolysis sICH risk and poor outcome poststroke. Despite increased sICH risk,
intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment has net clinical benefit
in patients with leukoaraiosis. Given the risk of bias/confounding, these results
should be considered hypothesis-generating and do not justify withholding
intravenous thrombolysis.
|Brain Ischemia/*drug therapy
[MESH]
|Cerebral Hemorrhage/*chemically induced
[MESH]
|Fibrinolytic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Leukoaraiosis/*chemically induced
[MESH]
|Stroke/*drug therapy
[MESH]
|Thrombolytic Therapy/*adverse effects
[MESH]
|Tissue Plasminogen Activator/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
[MESH]