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2016 ; 197
(5
): 1631-41
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Targeting T Cell Bioenergetics by Modulating P-Glycoprotein Selectively Depletes
Alloreactive T Cells To Prevent Graft-versus-Host Disease
#MMPMID27456485
McIver ZA
; Grayson JM
; Coe BN
; Hill JE
; Schamerhorn GA
; Ohulchanskyy TY
; Linder MK
; Davies KS
; Weiner RS
; Detty MR
J Immunol
2016[Sep]; 197
(5
): 1631-41
PMID27456485
show ga
T lymphocytes play a central role in many human immunologic disorders, including
autoimmune and alloimmune diseases. In hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,
acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) is caused by an attack on the recipient's
tissues from donor allogeneic T cells. Selectively depleting GVHD-causing cells
prior to transplant may prevent GVHD. In this study, we evaluated 24
chalcogenorhodamine photosensitizers for their ability to selectively deplete
reactive T lymphocytes and identified the photosensitizer 2-Se-Cl, which
accumulates in stimulated T cells in proportion to oxidative phosphorylation. The
photosensitizer is also a potent stimulator of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Enhanced
P-gp activity promotes the efficient removal of photosensitizer not sequestered
in mitochondria and protects resting lymphocytes that are essential for
antipathogen and antitumor responses. To evaluate the selective depletion of
alloimmune responses, donor C57BL/6 splenocytes were cocultured for 5 d with
irradiated BALB/c splenocytes and then photodepleted (PD). PD-treated splenocytes
were infused into lethally irradiated BALB/c (same-party) or C3H/HeJ
(third-party) mice. Same-party mice that received PD-treated splenocytes at the
time of transplant lived 100 d without evidence of GVHD. In contrast, all mice
that received untreated primed splenocytes and third-party mice that received
PD-treated splenocytes died of lethal GVHD. To evaluate the preservation of
antiviral immune responses, acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection
was used. After photodepletion, expansion of Ag-specific naive CD8(+) T cells and
viral clearance remained fully intact. The high selectivity of this novel
photosensitizer may have broad applications and provide alternative treatment
options for patients with T lymphocyte-mediated diseases.