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Bufalin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis by targeting HIF-1? via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway #MMPMID26958938
Wang H; Zhang C; Xu L; Zang K; Ning Z; Jiang F; Chi H; Zhu X; Meng Z
Oncotarget 2016[Apr]; 7 (15): 20193-208 PMID26958938show ga
It has been reported that there are multiple mechanisms by which bufalin could exert its antimetastatic effect. HIF-1? has been reported to be involved in tumor migration and invasion by regulating EMT. However, it is not known whether bufalin could exert the antimetastatic effect by modulating HIF-1? expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antimetastatic potential of bufalin in vivo and in vitro. Our results demonstrated that the liver/lung metastases were significantly reduced in bufalin-treated mice, as tested in the orthotopic transplanted and tail vein injection tumor models. Furthermore, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was inhibited in bufalin-treated tumors, as reflected the upregulation of E-cadherin, and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail. Similar results were observed in SMMC7721 cells treated with bufalin. Moreover, the transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1)-induced EMT was also abrogated by bufalin. Mechanistically, our study demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor-1? (HIF-1?) played an important role in the antimetastatic effect of bufalin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Importantly, HIF-1? expression may be regulated through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that bufalin suppresses hepatic tumor invasion and metastasis and that this process may be related to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ HIF-1? axis.