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2016 ; 44
(5
): 1151-61
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Ubiquitination of the Transcription Factor IRF-3 Activates RIPA, the Apoptotic
Pathway that Protects Mice from Viral Pathogenesis
#MMPMID27178468
Chattopadhyay S
; Kuzmanovic T
; Zhang Y
; Wetzel JL
; Sen GC
Immunity
2016[May]; 44
(5
): 1151-61
PMID27178468
show ga
The transcription factor IRF-3 mediates cellular antiviral response by inducing
the expression of interferon and other antiviral proteins. In RNA-virus infected
cells, IRF-3's transcriptional activation is triggered primarily by RIG-I-like
receptors (RLR), which can also activate the RLR-induced IRF-3-mediated pathway
of apoptosis (RIPA). Here, we have reported that the pathway of IRF-3 activation
in RIPA was independent of and distinct from the known pathway of transcriptional
activation of IRF-3. It required linear polyubiquitination of two specific lysine
residues of IRF-3 by LUBAC, the linear polyubiquitinating enzyme complex, which
bound IRF-3 in signal-dependent fashion. To evaluate the role of RIPA in viral
pathogenesis, we engineered a genetically targeted mouse, which expressed a
mutant IRF-3 that was RIPA-competent but transcriptionally inert; this
single-action IRF-3 could protect mice from lethal viral infection. Our
observations indicated that IRF-3-mediated apoptosis of virus-infected cells
could be an effective antiviral mechanism, without expression of the
interferon-stimulated genes.