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2016 ; 39
(8
): 631-8
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Epigenetic and Glucocorticoid Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Glutathione
Peroxidase 3 in Lung Cancer Cells
#MMPMID27484907
An BC
; Jung NK
; Park CY
; Oh IJ
; Choi YD
; Park JI
; Lee SW
Mol Cells
2016[Aug]; 39
(8
): 631-8
PMID27484907
show ga
Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), an antioxidant enzyme, acts as a modulator of
redox signaling, has immunomodulatory function, and catalyzes the detoxification
of reactive oxygen species (ROS). GPx3 has been identified as a tumor suppressor
in many cancers. Although hyper-methylation of the GPx3 promoter has been shown
to down-regulate its expression, other mechanisms by which GPx3 expression is
regulated have not been reported. The aim of this study was to further elucidate
the mechanisms of GPx3 regulation. GPx3 gene analysis predicted the presence of
ten glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) on the GPx3 gene. This result
prompted us to investigate whether GPx3 expression is regulated by the
glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is implicated in tumor response to
chemotherapy. The corticosteroid dexamethasone (Dex) was used to examine the
possible relationship between GR and GPx3 expression. Dex significantly induced
GPx3 expression in H1299, H1650, and H1975 cell lines, which exhibit low levels
of GPx3 expression under normal conditions. The results of EMSA and ChIP-PCR
suggest that GR binds directly to GRE 6 and 7, both of which are located near the
GPx3 promoter. Assessment of GPx3 transcription efficiency using a luciferase
reporter system showed that blocking formation of the GR-GRE complexes reduced
luciferase activity by 7-8-fold. Suppression of GR expression by siRNA
transfection also induced down-regulation of GPx3. These data indicate that GPx3
expression can be regulated independently via epigenetic or GR-mediated
mechanisms in lung cancer cells, and suggest that GPx3 could potentiate
glucocorticoid (GC)-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling in lung cancer cells.