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2016 ; 41
(10
): 2530-40
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Altered Stress-Induced Regulation of Genes in Monocytes in Adults with a History
of Childhood Adversity
#MMPMID27091381
Schwaiger M
; Grinberg M
; Moser D
; Zang JC
; Heinrichs M
; Hengstler JG
; Rahnenführer J
; Cole S
; Kumsta R
Neuropsychopharmacology
2016[Sep]; 41
(10
): 2530-40
PMID27091381
show ga
Exposure to serious or traumatic events early in life can lead to persistent
alterations in physiological stress response systems, including enhanced cross
talk between the neuroendocrine and immune system. These programming effects may
be mechanistically involved in mediating the effects of adverse childhood
experience on disease risk in adulthood. We investigated hormonal and genome-wide
mRNA expression responses in monocytes to acute stress exposure, in a sample of
healthy adults (n=30) with a history of early childhood adversity, and a control
group (n=30) without trauma experience. The early adversity group showed altered
hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to stress, evidenced by lower ACTH
and cortisol responses. Analyses of gene expression patterns showed that
stress-responsive transcripts were enriched for genes involved in cytokine
activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine activity, and
G-protein coupled receptor binding. Differences between groups in stress-induced
regulation of gene transcription were observed for genes involved in steroid
binding, hormone activity, and G-protein coupled receptor binding. Transcription
factor binding motif analysis showed an increased activity of pro-inflammatory
upstream signaling in the early adversity group. We also identified transcripts
that were differentially correlated with stress-induced cortisol increases
between the groups, enriched for genes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor
interaction and glutamate receptor signaling. We suggest that childhood adversity
leads to persistent alterations in transcriptional control of stress-responsive
pathways, which-when chronically or repeatedly activated-might predispose
individuals to stress-related psychopathology.