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10.1128/CMR.00101-15 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1128/CMR.00101-15 C4978611!4978611!27226088     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Clin+Microbiol+Rev 2016 ; 29 (3): 581-632 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27226088|t=2016. Inhaled Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections |pdf=|usr=}}{{27226088}} gab.com Text Inhaled Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections JO: Clin Microbiol Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27226088 #FOAvip Gram-negative organisms comprise a large portion of the pathogens responsible for lower respiratory tract infections, especially those that are nosocomially acquired, and the rate of antibiotic resistance among these organisms continues to rise. Systemically administered antibiotics used to treat these infections often have poor penetration into the lung parenchyma and narrow therapeutic windows between efficacy and toxicity. The use of inhaled antibiotics allows for maximization of target site concentrations and optimization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices while minimizing systemic exposure and toxicity. This review is a comprehensive discussion of formulation and drug delivery aspects, in vitro and microbiological considerations, pharmacokinetics, and clinical outcomes with inhaled antibiotics as they apply to disease states other than cystic fibrosis. In reviewing the literature surrounding the use of inhaled antibiotics, we also highlight the complexities related to this route of administration and the shortcomings in the available evidence. The lack of novel anti-Gram-negative antibiotics in the developmental pipeline will encourage the innovative use of our existing agents, and the inhaled route is one that deserves to be further studied and adopted in the clinical arena. Twit Text FOAVip Inhaled Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections ????Clin Microbiol Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27226088 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27226088 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27226088}}</ref> Inhaled Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections #MMPMID27226088 Wenzler E; Fraidenburg DR; Scardina T; Danziger LH Clin Microbiol Rev 2016[Jul]; 29 (3): 581-632 PMID27226088show ga Gram-negative organisms comprise a large portion of the pathogens responsible for lower respiratory tract infections, especially those that are nosocomially acquired, and the rate of antibiotic resistance among these organisms continues to rise. Systemically administered antibiotics used to treat these infections often have poor penetration into the lung parenchyma and narrow therapeutic windows between efficacy and toxicity. The use of inhaled antibiotics allows for maximization of target site concentrations and optimization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices while minimizing systemic exposure and toxicity. This review is a comprehensive discussion of formulation and drug delivery aspects, in vitro and microbiological considerations, pharmacokinetics, and clinical outcomes with inhaled antibiotics as they apply to disease states other than cystic fibrosis. In reviewing the literature surrounding the use of inhaled antibiotics, we also highlight the complexities related to this route of administration and the shortcomings in the available evidence. The lack of novel anti-Gram-negative antibiotics in the developmental pipeline will encourage the innovative use of our existing agents, and the inhaled route is one that deserves to be further studied and adopted in the clinical arena. äInhaled Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing