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2016 ; 3
(1
): 29
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Lung epithelial GM-CSF improves host defense function and epithelial repair in
influenza virus pneumonia-a new therapeutic strategy?
#MMPMID27480877
Rösler B
; Herold S
Mol Cell Pediatr
2016[Dec]; 3
(1
): 29
PMID27480877
show ga
Influenza viruses (IVs) circulate seasonally and are a common cause of
respiratory infections in pediatric and adult patients. Additionally, recurrent
pandemics cause massive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Infection may result
in rapid progressive viral pneumonia with fatal outcome. Since accurate treatment
strategies are still missing, research refocuses attention to lung pathology and
cellular crosstalk to develop new therapeutic options.Alveolar epithelial cells
(AECs) play an important role in orchestrating the pulmonary antiviral host
response. After IV infection they release a cascade of immune mediators, one of
which is granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). GM-CSF is
known to promote differentiation, activation and mobilization of myeloid cells.
In the lung, GM-CSF drives immune functions of alveolar macrophages and dendritic
cells (DCs) and also improves epithelial repair processes through direct
interaction with AECs. During IV infection, AEC-derived GM-CSF shows a
lung-protective effect that is also present after local GM-CSF application. This
mini-review provides an overview on GM-CSF-modulated immune responses to IV
pneumonia and its therapeutic potential in severe IV pneumonia.