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2016 ; 10
(4
): 282-96
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Leptin-mediated ion channel regulation: PI3K pathways, physiological role, and
therapeutic potential
#MMPMID27018500
Gavello D
; Carbone E
; Carabelli V
Channels (Austin)
2016[Jul]; 10
(4
): 282-96
PMID27018500
show ga
Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and identified as a "satiety signal,"
informing the brain when the body has consumed enough food. Specific areas of the
hypothalamus express leptin receptors (LEPRs) and are the primary site of leptin
action for body weight regulation. In response to leptin, appetite is suppressed
and energy expenditure allowed. Beside this hypothalamic action, leptin targets
other brain areas in addition to neuroendocrine cells. LEPRs are expressed also
in the hippocampus, neocortex, cerebellum, substantia nigra, pancreatic ?-cells,
and chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland. It is intriguing how leptin is able to
activate different ionic conductances, thus affecting excitability, synaptic
plasticity and neurotransmitter release, depending on the target cell. Most of
the intracellular pathways activated by leptin and directed to ion channels
involve PI3K, which in turn phosphorylates different downstream substrates,
although parallel pathways involve AMPK and MAPK. In this review we will describe
the effects of leptin on BK, KATP, KV, CaV, TRPC, NMDAR and AMPAR channels and
clarify the landscape of pathways involved. Given the ability of leptin to
influence neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity by modulating ion
channels activity, we also provide a short overview of the growing potentiality
of leptin as therapeutic agent for treating neurological disorders.
|Analgesics/metabolism/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Anticonvulsants/metabolism/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antidepressive Agents/metabolism/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]