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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Biol+Chem
2016 ; 291
(29
): 15093-107
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Interferon ? (IFN-?) Production during the Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) Response
in Hepatocytes Involves Coordinated and Feedforward Signaling through Toll-like
Receptor 3 (TLR3), RNA-dependent Protein Kinase (PKR), Inducible Nitric Oxide
Synthase (iNOS), and Src Protein
#MMPMID27226571
Zhang L
; Xiang W
; Wang G
; Yan Z
; Zhu Z
; Guo Z
; Sengupta R
; Chen AF
; Loughran PA
; Lu B
; Wang Q
; Billiar TR
J Biol Chem
2016[Jul]; 291
(29
): 15093-107
PMID27226571
show ga
The sensing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in the liver is important for
antiviral defenses but can also contribute to sterile inflammation during liver
injury. Hepatocytes are often the target of viral infection and are easily
injured by inflammatory insults. Here we sought to establish the pathways
involved in the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) in response to
extracellular poly(I:C), a dsRNA mimetic, in hepatocytes. This was of interest
because hepatocytes are long-lived and, unlike most immune cells that readily die
after activation with dsRNA, are not viewed as cells with robust antimicrobial
capacity. We found that poly(I:C) leads to rapid up-regulation of inducible
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR),
and Src. The production of IFN-? was dependent on iNOS, PKR, and Src and
partially dependent on TLR3/Trif. iNOS and Src up-regulation was partially
dependent on TLR3/Trif but entirely dependent on PKR. The phosphorylation of TLR3
on tyrosine 759 was shown to increase in parallel to IFN-? production in an iNOS-
and Src-dependent manner, and Src was found to directly interact with TLR3 in the
endosomal compartment of poly(I:C)-treated cells. Furthermore, we identified a
robust NO/cGMP/PKG-dependent feedforward pathway for the amplification of iNOS
expression. These data identify iNOS/NO as an integral component of IFN-?
production in response to dsRNA in hepatocytes in a pathway that involves the
coordinated activities of TLR3/Trif and PKR.