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2016 ; 291
(27
): 13964-13973
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Natural Product Anacardic Acid from Cashew Nut Shells Stimulates Neutrophil
Extracellular Trap Production and Bactericidal Activity
#MMPMID27226531
Hollands A
; Corriden R
; Gysler G
; Dahesh S
; Olson J
; Raza Ali S
; Kunkel MT
; Lin AE
; Forli S
; Newton AC
; Kumar GB
; Nair BG
; Perry JJP
; Nizet V
J Biol Chem
2016[Jul]; 291
(27
): 13964-13973
PMID27226531
show ga
Emerging antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria is an issue of great
clinical importance, and new approaches to therapy are urgently needed. Anacardic
acid, the primary active component of cashew nut shell extract, is a natural
product used in the treatment of a variety of medical conditions, including
infectious abscesses. Here, we investigate the effects of this natural product on
the function of human neutrophils. We find that anacardic acid stimulates the
production of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps, two
mechanisms utilized by neutrophils to kill invading bacteria. Molecular modeling
and pharmacological inhibitor studies suggest anacardic acid stimulation of
neutrophils occurs in a PI3K-dependent manner through activation of
surface-expressed G protein-coupled sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Neutrophil
extracellular traps produced in response to anacardic acid are bactericidal and
complement select direct antimicrobial activities of the compound.